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Diseases of the Kidneys

Anatomy of the Kidneys

• Anatomy of the kidney (1/7): Gross anatomy
• Anatomy of the kidney (2/7): Histology of the glomerulus and nephron
• Anatomy of the kidney (3/7): Histology of renal tubules
• Anatomy of the kidney (4/7): Physiology of the glomerular filtration rate
• Anatomy of the kidney (5/7): Physiology of the tubular reabsorption
• Anatomy of the kidney (6/7): Physiology of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
• Anatomy of the kidney (7/7): Physiology of erythropoetin, endothelins and vitamin D

Congenital Diseases of the Kidneys

• Numeric anomalies
  • Bilateral renal agenesia (Potter syndrome)
  • Unilateral renal agenesia
  • Supernumerary kidney
• Abnormal position of the kidneys
  • Simple renal ectopia
  • Crossed renal ectopia
  • Horseshoe kidney
  • Malrotation of the kidney
• Anomalies of the renal vessels
  • Renal artery anomalies
• Anomalies of the pyelocalyceal system
  • Calyceal diverticulum
  • Megacalycosis
  • Extrarenal pyelocalyceal system
  • Bertin column hypertrophy
• Dysgenesis of the kidney
  • Renal hypoplasia
  • Oligomeganephronia
  • Ask-Upmark Kidney
  • Kidney dysplasia
• Genetic cystic diseases of the kidneys:
  • Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
  • Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
  • Nephronophthisis
  • Congenital nephrotic syndrome
• Nongenetic cystic diseases of the kidneys:
  • Multicystic dysplastic kidney
  • Benign multilocular cyst
  • Simple kidney cysts
  • Parapelvic cysts
  • Medullary sponge kidney
  • Acquired cystic kidney disease
  • Sporadic glomerulocystic kidney disease

Renal Trauma

• Renal trauma

Diseases of the Renal Vessels

• Renal artery stenosis
• Aneurysm of the renal artery
• Kidney infarction
• Renal arteriovenous fistula
• Renal vein thrombosis
• Nutcracker syndrome

Renal Infections

• General principles of urinary tract infection
• Acute Pyelonephritis:
  • Definition and epidemiology of acute pyelonephritis
  • Symptoms and diagnostic workup of acute pyelonephritis
  • Treatment of acute pyelonephritis
• Urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis in pregnancy
• Chronic pyelonephritis
• Renal abscess
• Perinephric abscess
• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
• Urosepsis
• Urogenital tuberculosis
• Malakoplakia

Renal Insufficiency

• Acute kidney injury or acute renal failure:
  • Acute kidney injury (acute renal failure): causes, pathophysiology and symptoms
  • Acute kidney injury (acute renal failure): diagnosis and treatment
• Chronic kidney disease
• Dialysis
• Kidney transplantation

Nephrolithiasis

• Nephrolithiasis: Etiology and Epidemiology
• Diagnosis of Nephrolithiasis and Renal Colic
• Treatment of Kidney and Ureteral Stones

Benign Tumors of the Kidneys

• Oncocytoma
• Angiomyolipoma
• Other benign tumors of the kidneys

Malign Tumors of the Kidneys

• Renal cell cancer:
  • Renal cell carcinoma: Definition, Epidemiology, and Etiology
  • Renal cell carcinoma: Pathology
  • Renal cell carcinoma: Diagnostic workup
  • Renal cell carcinoma: Surgical Treatment
  • Renal cell carcinoma: Targeted therapy of advanced disease
• Wilms-Tumor (Nephroblastoma)
• Renal sarcoma
• Renal lymphoma
• Renal metastases

Surgical Procedures for Renal Diseases

• Simple nephrectomy
• Open radical nephrectomy
• Open partial nephrectomy
• Laparoscopic nephrectomy
• Retroperitoneoscopic nephrectomy
• Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
• Percutaneous nephrolithotomy
• Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

  Deutsche Version: Krankheiten der Nieren