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Diseases of the Ureter

Anatomy of the Ureters

The ureter is a 22–30 cm long muscular tube, which connects renal pelvis and bladder.

• Anatomy of the ureter and renal pelvis

Congenital Diseases of the Ureter

• Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
• Duplex kidney or duplicated ureter
• Ectopic ureter
• Ureterocele
• Vesicoureteral reflux
• Megaureter
• Retrocaval ureter
• Retroiliac ureter
• Ureteral diverticula, ureteral valves, ureteral stenosis, ureteral torsion
• Extrarenal pyelocalyceal system

Retrograde pyelography of a UPJ obstruction.

Ureteral Trauma

• Injury of the ureter
• Iatrogenic injury of the ureter

Benign Diseases of the Ureter

• Ureteral stones, see section nephrolithiasis
• Ureteral stricture
• Retroperitoneal fibrosis (Morbus Ormond)
• Ureteritis cystica
• Differential Diagnosis of upper urinary tract obstruction (hydronephrosis)

Malignant Tumors of the Ureter

• Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer

Surgical Procedures for Ureteral Diseases

• Open-surgical Nephroureterectomy
• Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy
• Open pyeloplasty
• Laparoscopic pyeloplasty
• Ureteroureterostomy
• Transureteroureterostomy
• Ureterocystoneostomy for VUR
• Megaureter operations
• Ureteroscopy

  Deutsche Version: Diagnose und Therapie von Erkrankungen des Harnleiters